* Describe what a Master Naturalist™ is
* Identify and communicate the mission and goals of the Master Naturalist volunteer program
* Identify and communicate the requirements and responsibilities of a Texas Master Naturalist™

* Define land stewardship
* Discuss the role of private and public lands management in conservation
* Describe the five management tools outlined by the naturalist Aldo Leopold
* Be encouraged to develop their own land ethics

* Describe and define what archeology is and what its study includes
* Define culture
* Become familiar with the archeological regions of Texas
* Become familiar with the antiquities law

* Understand the importance of expeditions and surveys in the natural history of Texas
* Discuss the history of naturalists in Texas and their accomplishments
* Identify the most significant naturalists of Texas

* Identify and differentiate the features of Texas’ ecological regions and subregions
* Understand and communicate the need for different maps denoting various ecological regions of Texas
* Explain some of the key factors underpinning the ecological diversity in Texas

* Explain the ecological principles that apply to individual organisms, populations, communities, and ecosystems
* Explain the balances that exist between ecosystems and the factors necessary to keep ecosystems in balance
* Explain how different ecosystems are determined largely by different environmental factors
* Describe the hydrologic cycle, the nitrogen cycle, and the carbon cycle
* Explain succession and climax and list the factors responsible for each
* Illustrate a food web and explain the importance of trophic relationships
* Define biodiversity and understand the importance of managing for biodiversity
* Identify ecological factors that are relevant to a threatened species
* Understand the laws and procedures necessary for protecting species

* Understand and discuss the seven principles of ecology
* Describe management, ecosystems, and ecosystem management
* Identify the five ecological principles that can help assure the Earth’s ecosystems

* Become aware of and understand the basic geological processes of rock formation and the interactions that were instrumental in forming the geology of Texas
* Trace the geologic history of Texas
* Describe the various landform regions of Texas
* Discuss the hydrologic cycle and describe all possible sources of water
* Describe the physical and chemical properties of soil
* Discuss ways to prevent soil erosion

* Discuss what processes affect the daytime and nighttime temperatures
* Describe the main processes driving Texas weather and climate
* Identify cloud formations and the weather and climate they can predict or represent
* Understand the short-term and long-term relevance of climate variability and change to Texas ecology
* Describe a typical year of weather in Texas

* Understand the water cycle and identify water resources of Texas
* Be aware of the importance of water conservation and protection of both surface and groundwater sources
* Understand the management of water resources in Texas including water rights and ownership
* Be familiar with state water planning and groundwater management
* Understand water availability models, drought contingency plans, and water conservation plans
* Become familiar with the Texas Parks and Wildlife Department’s Land and Water Strategic Plan
* Understand how water quality is assessed and managed and how the planning process is being used to improve water quality
* Be familiar with state and federal agencies and water resources institutes that work with the public in water quality
* Become familiar with emergent water policies and issues
* Understand the benefits that rainwater harvesting and other conservation practices can provide

* Demonstrate their ability to classify local plants
* Discuss the uses and importance of the classification system
* Identify main parts of a scientific name
* Understand why the binomial classification system is important
* Discuss the pitfalls of using common names

*Explain why it is important to be familiar with plant names
*Describe the classes of plants
*Become familiar with and describe the parts of a plant
*Compare and contrast the four classes of plants
*Become familiar with leaf and flower, types, placement, and arrangements to identify plants
*Explain what an invasive plant is and give some examples

* Understand the causes for bird diversity
* Understand and discuss the habit of bird migration
* Identify the primary flyways of North America and Texas
* Explain bird behavioral characteristics in relation to environments and environmental changes
* Become aware of and communicate conservation concerns for birds
* Identify and communicate how birds function within ecosystems
* Develop an awareness of how bird populations are monitored and managed

* Demonstrate an appreciation for insects and an interest in entomology
* Discuss why insects are so biologically diverse, why this diversity is threatened, and why the conservation of insect biodiversity is important
* Understand the systematic relationships among various insect groups
* Discuss basic principles of insect behavior and ecology and relate these to environmental adaptations
* Understand the role that insects play in local ecosystems and various other ecosystems in Texas
* Discuss the habitat needs of various groups of insects
* Demonstrate knowledge of methods for collecting insects
* Demonstrate familiarity with the insect fauna of Texas
* Demonstrate knowledge about the general characteristics of the major groups of insects
* Recognize rare or special species that indicate habitat qualities

* Demonstrate an appreciation for fishes and an interest in ichthyology
* Discuss the diversity of fishes in Texas and demonstrate familiarity with the different groups of fishes
* Understand the relationship among various groups of fishes
* Demonstrate knowledge about the general characteristics of the major groups of fishes
* Discuss basic principles of fish behavior, physiology, and ecology and relate these principles to environmental adaptations
* Discuss the habitat needs of various groups of fishes

* Communicate the characteristics of amphibians and reptiles and how they differ from other vertebrates
* Understand the relationships among the major groups of amphibians and reptiles and how they are related to fish, mammals, and birds
* Demonstrate basic knowledge of ecology and life history of amphibians and reptiles in Texas
* Outline and communicate the challenges confronting conservation of amphibians and reptiles in Texas

* Demonstrate an appreciation for mammals and an interest in mammalogy
* Understand and communicate the 11 major characteristics of mammals
* Be familiar with the three major taxonomic groups of mammals and what characteristics define those groups
* Discuss the diversity and distribution of mammals in Texas and demonstrate familiarity with the different groups of mammals
* Demonstrate knowledge of estimating/measuring mammal populations
* Demonstrate knowledge of methods for trapping, marking, monitoring, and observing mammal populations
* Understand the role that mammals play in the ecosystems of Texas
* Discuss the habitat needs of various groups of mammals
* Demonstrate knowledge about the general characteristics of the major groups of mammals

* Identify the major forested regions of Texas
* Understand the diversity of forests found in Texas
* Compare and contrast forest and urban forest ecology
* Understand and describe the stages of succession in natural and forested ecosystems
* Understand the benefits and ecosystem services forests provide
* Know the important role fire plays in ecological restoration of healthy forests
* Be familiar with traditional forestry management
* List and describe the benefits and ecosystem services trees provide in an urban environment

* Describe the characteristics of water
* Communicate the characteristics and properties of aquatic systems
* Understand and communicate how aquatic systems function
* Be familiar with management techniques for aquatic systems
* Understand and communicate threats to aquatic systems

* Explain what a wetland is
* Know the types of wetlands
* Describe the types of wetlands in Texas
* Be familiar with the state and federal regulations affecting and governing wetlands conservation in Texas

* Define and describe rangeland
* Define Rangeland Management
* Describe why range management is different from agricultural vocations
* List the basic component categories of range management
* List and describe the four founding principles of grazing management
* Understand and be able to communicate the importance of land management goals
* Describe how native grasses grow
* Describe, compare, and contrast rangeland management tools
* Develop an awareness of grazing, brush and weed issues and management on Texas rangelands

* Clearly differentiate the meaning of urban ecosystems, urban, urbanization, and urban sprawl
* Compare urban and natural ecosystems in terms of diversity, interrelationships, cycles, and energy
* Understand the unique ecology of urban ecosystems in terms impacts on abiotic characteristics, nutrient cycles, and the water cycle; green and gray spaces; plants and animals
* Determine the levels of plant and animal diversity in urban when compared to natural ecosystems

* Explain the differences between Texas laws and Texas Regulations
* Describe who owns Texas wildlife
* Be familiar with some early history of conservation law
* Define situations Texas Master Naturalists may face, and how to best deal with them
* Broadly understand the federal and state permitting process
* Demonstrate the working relationship between conservation law enforcement, Master Naturalists, and the general public
* Identify why ethical standards are important for Texas Master Naturalists

* Discuss the meaning of interpretation
* Discuss types of interpretation
* Identify and understand components of an interpretive experience
* Demonstrate audience management techniques
* Develop/outline an interpretive program or experience
* Understand the differences between a topic and a theme and the importance/functions each serves

* Define citizen science and describe its historical development
* Become familiar with different citizen science programs
* Develop a citizen science project for their local chapter
* Become familiar with the goals of that state’s Nature Trackers program
* Become familiar with the Texas Quail Index program

*Appendix A-Texas Amphibians
*Appendix B-Texas Reptiles
*Appendix C-Texas Birds
*Appendix D-Texas Mammals